Citrix Metaframe Information and Troubleshooting
Which network model does Oracle, SAP, SQL, SNA use?
Client/Server model
Which network model locks individual records rather than entire files?
Client/Server model
Which network model typically does not use a hard drive in the client?
Network Computing model
Which networking model locks data files and allows only one user at a time to
make changes?
Traditional networking model
Which networking model uses a multi-user operating system?
Server based Networking model
What's the difference between Metaframe and WinFrame?
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MetaFrame does not contain an operating system. WinFrame does |
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MetaFrame uses the Windows NT 4.0 interface. WinFrame uses the Windows NT 3.51 interface |
What are the similarities between MetaFrame and WinFrame?
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They both use the same user database (SAM) |
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They can both be members of the same group within a domain |
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Their ICA clients will work with both MetaFrame and WinFrame servers |
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WinFrame can administer MetaFrame utilities |
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Load balancing can be administered enterprise-wide from either a MetaFrame or WinFrame server. |
Citrix Technologies
What is MultiWin?
MultiWin is a technology that permits multiple Windows NT users to share the
CPU, network cards, I/O ports and other resources just as if they were at the
server console.
What is WinFrame?
A server based application software using MultiWin and combined with Microsoft
Windows NT Server 3.51.
What is ICA?
ICA stands for Independent Computing Architecture and is a multi-channel remote
presentation services protocol. Typically, it uses 10 to 20 Kbps of bandwidth.
It's big advantage is that it permits applications to perform at LAN like speed
even over low-bandwidth connections.
What is the required byte in an ICA packet?
Command
What connections are stream oriented?
TCP & Asynchronous
What is included in an ICA packet for stream oriented communication?
Frame head & Frame trail
What connections do not provide guaranteed delivery?
IPX and Asynchronous
What header is used for IPX? and Asynch connections?
Reliable
How much does SpeedScreen 1 reduce bandwidth used by low speed
connections?
25 to 30%
How much does SpeedScreen 2 reduce bandwidth used by low speed
connections?
60%
How much does SpeedScreen 2 provide performance gain over low speed
connections?
4 times faster
What is SpeedScreen?
It is Citrix's agent the reduces the amount of screen information through disk
caching of icons and other bitmaps. It is part of the "queuing and tossing"
strategy.
Metaframe Versus Terminal Server
What new features does Metaframe add to Terminal Server?
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Citrix Program Neighborhood |
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Citrix Program Neighborhood replaces Remote Application Manager for Citrix ICA Win32 Clients |
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ICA Browser Settings |
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ICA Gateway Settings |
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License Pool Recovery which enables administrators to define the number of
backup servers to |
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Client Device Licensing which enables a user to establish multiple sessions to
multiple servers |
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ICA Client Printer Configuration which enables a user to create and connect to ICA client printers and create print queues for ICA clients that do not support native print queues |
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SpeedScreen2 |
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Server farms |
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Shadowing |
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Seamless Windows |
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Additional clients and operating systems support |
How are the default client window properties set within Remote Application
Manager?
By selecting the Option menu option, choosing settings, selecting the
preferences tab followed by the change button within the Default Windows
Properties
What protocol does Terminal Server use to connect clients to the server?
Remote Desktop Protocol
What clients does Remote Desktop Protocol support?
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Windows 9x, and NT 4.0 |
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Windows 3.x and NT 3.51 |
What client does Remote Desktop Protocol not support?
DOS clients
What protocol does MetaFrame use to connect clients to the server?
Independent Computing Architecture Protocol
What command installs Terminal Server on a computer that already has a version
of WinFrame, MetaFrame, or Windows NT?
Winnt32.EXE
What command installs Terminal Server on a computer that does not have a version
of WinFrame, MetaFrame, or Windows NT?
winnt.exe
What switch creates the setup disks during installation?
/OX
What switch installs Terminal Server without using the setup disks?
/B
What switch specifies that the setup disks will not be created during the
installation?
/X
What is the preferred file system for use with Terminal Server and why?
NTFS
because it provides support for long file names, file security, and disk
activity logging
What command converts FAT file system to NTFS?
convert volume (driver letter such as d:) /fs:NTFS
What's the difference between per-server and per-seat licensing?]
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Per-seat allows each user to connect to multiple servers |
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Per-server allows each user to connect to only one server |
Terminal Server supports what protocols?
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NWLink |
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TCP/IP |
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NetBEUI |
Which protocol is selected by default?
TCP/IP
Which protocol doesn't support routing?
NetBEUI
If Terminal Server is installed over Windows NT 3.51 or Windows 4.0 what
must be done after the installation?
The applications must be re-installed
What must be done with the local security database?
Nothing
If Terminal Server is installed over WinFrame 1.6, WinFrame 1.7, or
WinFrame 1.8, what must be done with the applications?
Nothing, the applications and security database are preserved
What is the protocol that separates the applications logic from the user
interface and transports it to the client over standard network connections?
ICA and RDP
What transport protocols can ICA use?
TCP/IP, NetBEUI/ NetBios, IPX/SPX, MacTCP, and Open Transport TCP are among the
transport protocols that ICA can use]
What transport protocols can RDP use?
RDP can only use TCP/IP
Installing MetaFrame
What is license pool recovery?
It allows the administrator to determine where license information is backed up
so as to better manage licenses across the server farm. It provides degree of
fault tolerance by allowing the administrator to define the number of backup
servers to which user licensing data is replicated
Can Metaframe licenses be pooled across a gateway?
No
What port does the ICA protocol use for TCP?
1494
Can RDP clients use dial-in asynchronous connections
to dial in to a Metaframe server?
No
Is a network connection required to dial into a
MetaFrame server using a dial-in Asynchronous ICA connection?
No
If a modem is configured for RAS can you configure it
for a dial-in Asynchronous ICA connection?
No, RAS ports are not available for use by any other process
By default, whose drive letters are re-assigned during
the MetaFrame installation and how are they designated?
The ICA client workstation's are reassigned by default. The first drive of the
ICA client's workstation becomes V:, the second becomes U:, and so on working
backwards to the beginning of the alphabet
If the server's drive letters are reassigned what will
be their drive designations?
The first drive becomes M:, the second drive becomes N:, and so on working
forwards to the end of the alphabet
How do you uninstall MetaFrame from a server?
Use the Add/Remove utility in Control Panel
What types of ICA listener ports can be created in MetaFrame?
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TCP |
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IPX |
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SPX |
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NetBIOS |
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Asynchronous |
How much memory do idle sessions use?
Each idle session uses 1 Meg of memory. There are two idle sessions.
Installing and Configuring ICA Client Software
What is a published application?
Preconfigured entries that start applications on a server
What is a server application?
An application that requires information about where the application resides,
application’s name, and possibly the working directory of the application
What does the Citrix Program Neighborhood contain?
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Application Set Manager - used to manage and connect to application sets |
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Find New Application Set - locates application sets on remote networks |
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Custom ICA connections |
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Add ICA connections - equivalent to Remote Application Manager |
The employees at your company use computers with the following operating systems: Sun Solaris, Windows 3.1, Mac OS and Dos 6.0. MetaFrame 1.8 is installed on all of the servers, and you want to install the ICA client software on all your employees’ computers. Which ICA client software will you need to install?
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Win16 |
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Macintosh |
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UNIX |
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DOS |
Besides using the MetaFrame 1.8 CD how else can you install the ICA client software?
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Use a network share to the %SystemRoot%\system32\clients\ica directory |
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Use the installation disks created with the ICA Client Creator |
What is the mf196.png utility?
ICA Client Creator
What is the mf197.png utility?
ICA Client Update Configuration
What option packet allows Citrix to support X.11
devices?
UNIX Integration Services UIS
What are some ICA client installation parameters?
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A unique name for the ICA client workstation |
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A folder for the ICA client software menu item |
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A destination directory |
Will Published Applications configured in an NT
domains management scope appear automatically in Program Neighborhood?
No
If the SecureICA option pack is not installed on both
the MetaFrame server and ICA client workstation what is the default encryption
level?
Basic
ICA Passthrough Technology allows which clients to use
Citrix Program Neighborhood features?
All clients, including non-Win32 clients
What utility allows ICA Clients for Win16, DOS, UNIX,
and Macintosh workstations to use applications on Citrix servers?
Remote Application Manager
What is ReadyConnect Client?
It’s a feature that allows administrators to create pre-configured installation
disks.
What ICA clients does Citrix directly supply?
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ICA Client for Win16 |
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ICA Client for Win32 |
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ICA Client for 16-Bit DOS |
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ICA Client for 32-Bit DOS |
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ICA Client for UNIX |
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ICA Client for Macintosh |
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ICA Client for Java |
What ICA clients does Citrix not directly supply?
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ICA Client for Windows CE |
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ICA Client for X.11 |
What ICA client is an add-in to Internet Explorer and
Netscape Navigator and allows you to use the Internet or Intranet to connect to
applications?
ICA Client for Web Browser
What can you use to install ICA Client software?
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A network share to %SystemRoot%\System32\Clients\ICA |
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The MetaFrame CDROM |
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Installation disks created with the ICA Client Creator |
What is one advantage of Citrix Program Neighborhood
over Remote Application Manager?
In Citrix Program Neighborhood, applications published within a server farm can
be accessed by users without configuring entries first. In Remote Application
Manager users have to configure entries to the applications first
What happens if the application name and working directory fields are left
blank when creating a server application or published application?
The application displays the server's desktop
ICA Client Software Features
How do you install SecureICA on the server and
workstations?
Install the SecureICA Option pack on the MetaFrame server then create
installation disks using the ICA Client Creator to install SecureICA on the ICA
client workstations
Where can an administrator view information about the
bitmap cache settings for an ICA connection?
In the cache tab of Citrix Server Administration
What are the bitmap caching parameters that can be configured?
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Amount of disk space used |
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Where the Bitmap cache directory is |
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Minimum size bitmap that will be cached |
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Clear Cache Now |
What is DirectICA?
DirectICA adds support for multi-VGA adapters and installed ports on a MetaFrame
server
What are the encryption levels for the North American
version of SecureICA?
basic, 40 bit, 56 bit, 128 bit
What are the encryption levels for the International
version of SecureICA?
basic, 40 bit only
How can users manage bandwidth at an ICA client workstation?
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Enabling bitmap caching |
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Compressing the data stream |
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Reducing the audio quality |
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Queuing mouse movements and keystrokes |
What is the ICA Connection Center?
An icon placed in the system tray of the ICA Client for Win32 desktop when a
seamless window application
is running. Clicking on it will display information about the active servers and
the published applications
running per server
What is a seamless window?
A feature of the ICA Client for Win32 that makes an application on the server
appear to be running on the client’s desktop
What is used to configure ICA gateways?
ICA Gateway tab of Citrix Server Administration
What is Citrix Server Administration used for?
What information can Citrix Server Administration display about a connection?
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User |
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Session |
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ID |
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State |
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Idle Time |
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Logon Time |
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Give a brief description of each displays |
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User displays the name of the user account logged on |
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Session displays the type of transport being used. example, ICA-TCP ID displays an identifying number assigned to the connection |
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State displays the status of the connection |
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Idle Time displays the number of minutes since the last keyboard stroke or mouse input |
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Logon Time displays the time the user logged in |
What are the states of a connection?
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Listen - listener port is ready to accept a client connection |
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ConnQ - connection is in the process of connecting |
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Conn - connection is connected but no user is logged on |
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Active - connection is connected and a user session is active |
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Idle - listener port is initialized and ready to accept a connection |
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Disc - the connection is disconnected |
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Shadow - connection is suspended because the connection is shadowing another connection |
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Down - listener port failed to initialize and is not available |
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Init - session port is initializing and ready to connect |
What's the difference between disconnecting from a Citrix server and logging off of a Citrix server?
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Disconnecting closes the client connection but not the server connection |
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Logging off closes the client connection and the server connection |
Which utility is used to configure an ICA connection,
maintain and delete listener ports?
Citrix Connection Configuration
What properties are required to create a new dial-in connection within Program Neighborhood?
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Description |
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Device name |
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Phone number |
Creating Seamless Desktop Integration
What are the three audio qualities used for client audio mapping?
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High which equals 1.3 Mbps |
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Medium which equals 64 Kbps |
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Low which equals 16 Kbps |
When are user configuration settings for client
devices used?
When Inherit User Config is selected
Why wouldn’t a Win32 client be able to use an application on a Citrix server but be unable to save a document to his C: drive?
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The client drive mapping setting for the ICA connection might be disabled in Citrix Connection Configuration |
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The client drive mapping setting for the particular user might be disabled in User Manager for Domains |
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The client drive mapping setting for the ICA connection might be set to manual configuration in Citrix |
Connection Configuration
If an administrator has disabled client clipboard mapping on all Citrix servers in the corporation what effect will this have on ICA Clients for Win32, DOS and UNIX?
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ICA Clients for Win32 and UNIX will no longer be able to cut, copy and paste text and graphics between applications running on the server and their local workstation |
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ICA Client for DOS is not affected by the change because it does not support client clipboard mapping |
An administrator has enabled client audio mapping for all TCP/IP connections. After sending a message to users that this new feature was available, she received calls from users on the network. Some users were able to hear the sound the applications produced. However, most users complained that they still could not hear the sounds. What could be the cause?
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The Enable Sound option was disabled for the entries in the user’s Citrix Program Neighborhood |
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The Citrix Program Neighborhood entries are not using a TCP/IP connection to access the applications |
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The users are not using ICA Clients for DOS, Win16, or Win32 |
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No sound card is installed in the client workstation |
A user is connecting a product scanner to the COM port
on his ICA client workstation. He wants to use the scanner in conjunction with
an inventory application on a Citrix server. What command sequence should he use
to redirect the COM port on the Citrix server to the COM port on his ICA client
workstation?
Net Use ComX1: \\Client_Name\ComX2 Where ComX1 is the Server's com port and
ComX2 is the Client's Com port
Is Client Printer mapping enabled by default?
Yes
In what utility can you disable client printer mapping
for a transport protocol in an ICA connection?
In Citrix Connection Configuration
On what basis is client printer mapping set?
On a per transport protocol basis
Client Printer mapping for an ICA connection can be?
Where can you change client printer settings?
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For an ICA connection use Citrix Connection Configuration on the server |
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For a user or group use User Manager for Domains on the server |
Client printers are automatically mapped on what?
Client printers are automatically mapped on windows clients and manually mapped
on DOS clients
What is client drive mapping?
A feature that permits users at the ICA client workstations to access their
local drives
Which takes precedence by default, a user's
configuration settings or client settings for the ICA connection?
A user's settings
How can you make the client settings for the ICA
connection take precedence over the user's configuration settings?
Remove the check mark next to the Inherit User Config choice in the Citrix
Connection Configuration utility
Administering User Accounts
What role do home directories play in the installation
and use of applications?
Home directories store user-specific files that are used by the application.
If a home directory does not exist for a user, \Users\Default is used
What is the difference between a user profile and a
system policy?
User profiles involve display issues. System policy involves security issues
What is a roaming profile?
This is a user's profile stored on a central Metaframe server and it permits a
user to log on to any client workstation and receive the same environment
What's the difference between a .DAT roaming profile
and a .man roaming profile?
.DAT roaming profiles allows the users to make and save changes to their
environment on the stored profile At the server, .man roaming profiles allows
users to make changes to their environment but not to save them on the profile
stored on the server
Where are user profiles stored on the server?
\\servername\sharename\%username%
Where are system policies stored?
A system policy is stored in the NTCONFIG.POL file in the NETLOGON share in the
PDC
What is a Modem Hunt Group?
A modem hunt group is a group of modems connected to one telephone number. When
that telephone number is dialed the first modem is checked to see if it is busy.
If the first modem is busy then the next modem is checked (hunted) and the next
until a modem is found to be available
What are NetWare Settings?
NetWare Settings configures a user account so that the user's password is
verified against the specified NetWare server before it is checked on the log-on
domain. If the log-on domain password is different from the NetWare password
then the log-on domain password is changed to match the NetWare password
What is the correct UNC path for a home directory?
\\servername\sharename\%username% and a unique drive letter must be selected for
the user to access the home directory
What utility creates system policies?
System Policy Editor
Why would you want to enable Remove Disconnect item
from the Start menu?
To encourage users to log off instead of disconnecting
Where do you enable Remove Disconnect?
Start, Programs, Administrative Tools, System Policy Editor
What utility installs an application on a MetaFrame
server?
Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel
What is the purpose of the USRLOGN2.CMD file during
application installation?
It calls the application scripts that correct user level problems with
applications
What must an administrator do to uninstall an
application?
Add/Remove in Control Panel then run uninstall script
Prior to installing an application, what should be
configured?
A user's home directory
What drive letter should be assigned as the root
drive?
Any drive letter
What is Citrix's Installation Management Services used for?
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Allows an administrator to simultaneously install an application on multiple servers |
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Works with both WinFrame and MetaFrame servers |
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Works most efficiently with load-balanced servers in a server farm |
What is Citrix Installation Management Services made up of?
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IMS packager packages files for distribution |
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Application Publishing Enhancements pushes the packaged files to servers |
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Installer executes the files that are pushed to the servers |
Administering MetaFrame
What utility is used to find out how many users are
currently logged on and from where would you send those users a message to log
off?
Citrix Server Administration
When does User Manager for Domains take precedence
over Citrix Connection Configuration connection settings?
Only when "inherit user config" is selected in Citrix Connection Configuration
Which utility enables shadowing and initiates the
shadowing of an ICA connection?
Citrix Connection Configuration
In most cases, which audio quality setting should be
used with dial-in asynchronous connections?
Low
How many users can you shadow with the Shadow button?
One
How many users can you shadow with the Shadow Taskbar?
One or more
Where are shadowing settings configured?
Using the Advanced button in Citrix Connection Configuration
Which button in the Citrix Connection Configuration
disables audio?
Client Settings button
Implementing Server Farms and Load Balancing
Can anonymous user accounts log on to a PDC or BDC?
No, because anonymous user accounts are local account and PDC's and BDC's don't
have local accounts
What are anonymous users?
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A special local user account available only on Citrix servers |
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Does not prompt a user to enter a name or password |
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Anonymous users are created automatically and equal the number of licenses |
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They are not domain user accounts |
Describe explicit users:
Explicit users use local or domain NT user accounts and they must be created by
an administrator because they are not created automatically
What is an application set?
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Applications that have been preconfigured by on administrator to run on one or more Citrix servers in a server farm |
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Application sets can be assigned to individual users or groups |
How are the default client window properties for an
application set, set within Program Neighborhood?
Select the Default Options tab from the farm's Properties option, then change
the settings
under Window Size
Is it possible to use up more than one client license
seamless window for load balancing?
No
How many server farms can a server be a member of?
One
What two items must be installed on multiple servers used for load balancing?
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The Same Applications |
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The Load balancing Option Pack |
Where can an administrator specify the sound, video,
encryption, window size and color used by the published application?
Under client settings in the Published Application Manager
What can you do in the Published Application Manager?
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Preconfigure applications and server desktops into published applications |
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Create HTML and ICA files |
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Create Server Farms |
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Migrate applications to a Citrix Server Farm |
Which user account cannot be logged into a PDC or BDC
because PDCs and BDCs do not have local accounts?
Anonymous
How do you make an application published under
WinFrame 1.6, WinFrame 1.7, MetaFrame 1.0 or an NT domain added to a Citrix
Server Farm?
Use the Migrate Option in the Applications menu of the Published Application
Manager
What are the two scopes of management in the Published Application Manager?
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Citrix Server Farms |
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NT Domains |
How do you choose which scope to publish an application?
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For Win32 ICA clients publish the application in a Citrix Server Farm |
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For other clients publish the application in NT domains |
Which ICA clients do not support the Citrix Program neighborhood utility?
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ICA client for DOS |
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ICA client for Win16 |
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ICA client for UNIX |
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ICA client for Macintosh |
What utility do they use to access published
applications?
Remote Application Manager
The ranking of election criteria is:
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Most recent version number |
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Configured as master browser through registry |
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Running on a domain controller |
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Longest running browser |
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Browser name |
An ICA Master Browser election occurs when:
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An ICA Master Browser election occurs when a browser starts (note that any MetaFrame server is a browser) |
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The master browser does not respond to a client or an update from a browser |
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There are 2 master browsers detected on a subnet |
Who can force an election?
Browsers (that includes all MetaFrame servers but not necessarily other servers)
and clients can force an election
What are true statements about the election process?
A client or a server can start the election process. After this broadcast packet
is sent, all servers will evaluate the packet to determine if it has higher
criteria. If it does it sends out its packet, if not it evaluates the incoming
packets to determine who is the new master browser. If a browser thinks it is
the master browser it will send out several packets while waiting for a
response. If there is no response with a higher criteria it becomes the master
browser
There can be up to how many master browsers?
There can be a master browser for each protocol installed. TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, and
NetBEUI will each have a Master browser as long as that protocol is installed on
any machine on the local subnet. Also remember that there will be a master
browser for each protocol in each subnet. That master browser may or may not be
the same depending on which protocols are installed on each machine
What are the parameters used for load balancing?
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User Load is 100% at |
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Pagefile Usage |
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- Bytes Left |
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Swap Activity |
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Processor Usage |
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Memory Load |
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Sessions |
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Overall Adjustment |
Configuring Web Connectivity
The key similarity between application launching and application embedding is that the ICA client can connect to the server through the Internet or an Intranet. A launched application is distinct because?
An embedded application is distinct because?
What is the Active X control file on the client workstation called?
wfica.ocx
What are the Java class file archives?
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jicaengm.cab |
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jicaengj.jar |
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jicaengn.jar |
The parameters included in an HTML file are?
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Type of client |
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Window size |
The parameters included in an ICA file in a ICA connection are?
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Define a connection to a MetaFrame server or published application |
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Color depth |
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Encryption level |
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Address of the MetaFrame server |
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Name of the published application |
The Publication Application Manager utility can be used to create HTML files
and code to do what?
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ALE connection to a published application |
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Use Active X or Netscape Plug-in to launch a published application connection |
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Use Active X, Java or Netscape Plug-in to embed a published application connection |
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Include a "verbose" description as comments in the file |
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Perform selected functions |
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Remember that Active X, Java or Netscape Plug-in can be used to make a connection to embedded published application |
The three types of clients that can connect to a MetaFrame server through a web browser are:
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Active X Control |
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Netscape Plug-in |
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Java |
What two types of Java clients are there?
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Applet mode used when the client workstation does not have a hard disk and can only be used with application embedding |
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Application mode used when the client workstation has a hard disk |
What ways can you install the ICA Netscape Plug-In Web client?
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Install from a disk created with the ICA Client Creator Utility |
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Download over a corporate Intranet or the Internet. The first time the user must download and install manually |
How is the installation different for the ActiveX Control web client?
The installation is done automatically the first time the IE browser accesses a
web page containing a hypertext link
How do you install the ICA Java Web client in application mode?
Run setup.class on the client workstation
How do you install the ICA Java Web client in applet mode?
Run setup.class on the Java Virtual Machine server
The client requires the following two files to make a connection with a web browser:
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ICA file |
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HTML file |
Name two type of explicit users?
Domain Users, and Power Users are both types of explicit users. While you could
create a Published Web Users set of accounts it would also be an explicit user.
The server executes the published application using ALE
How does application launching and application embedding connect to the
server?
Application launching and application embedding both connect to the server
through the Internet or an Intranet
Monitoring and Troubleshooting MetaFrame
What is Resource Management Services used for?
RMS is used to monitor system usage and application performance, gather
statistical data, and create billing reports on MetaFrame and WinFrame networks
What is Resource Management Services made up of?
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Data Collection |
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Data Source |
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Analysis Tools |
What 2 drivers do Resource Management Services not support?
Excel or Text ODBC
What port do ICA-TCP packets use?
TCP port 0x5D6 in hex or 1494 in decimal
Where can you get information on ICA traffic?
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Network Monitor |
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Citrix Server Administration |
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Terminal Server Administration |
Looking in Performance Monitor when should you increase the speed of a CPU or
the number of CPU’s?
When percent Processor Time is > 90% although 70% is a more practical limit
A moderately busy server (12 users, 32-bit hard disk adapter & NIC) should
experience about how many interrupts per second?
100
Under which tab in the Windows NT diagnostics shows how IRQs are being
utilized?
Resources
If the Disk Queue is 1.4 times the number of spindles, does the disk
subsystem need to be replaced?
No
This information came from http://www.thinclient.net/technology/ctx_brain_dump2.htm
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